f you think a defined benefit plan could work for
you, Pioneer Investment's Uni-DB is a good place
to start your investigation.
Solo 401(k)
If you're afraid of commitment, as many of us are,
the solo 401(k) plan might be a better solution.
It resembles corporate America's 401(k) except
that you can contribute more money.
Your total contribution to a solo 401(k), a.k.a.
self-employed 401(k), can't exceed $42,000 for
2005 ($46,000 for people age 50 and over). That's
a big difference from the corporate folks, whose
max for 2005 is $14,000 ($18,000 for the 50 and up
crowd).
Here's why. As a self-employed person, you can
have $14,000 withheld from your paycheck, just
like any other employee. But then, as the employer
of a self-employed business, you can contribute
another 20% of your net self-employed income. For
instance, if you make $140,000, you can contribute
another $28,000 to the solo 401(k) plan. That
would bring you to the total $42,000 for the year.
The total contribution can't exceed $42,000 for
2005 and the plan must be established by Dec. 31
to qualify for this year, reminds O'Donnell.
In addition, there are no set-up or annual
maintenance fees. The only drawback is that once
your plan's assets exceed $100,000, you'll have to
file a Form 5500, Annual Return/Report of Employee
Benefit Plan, with the IRS. And just like any
other 401(k), you can't withdraw the money before
reaching 59-and-a-half without a penalty.
The World of IRAs
If you're thinking you'll never have an extra
$42,000 to stash away, consider an IRA for now.
There are two basic choices for self-employed
folks.
If it's just you or you have a few employees, the
SEP-IRA or Simplified Employee Pension could work.
You can contribute up to 20% of your net earnings
to a maximum of $42,000. So that could mean a
potential $42,000 deduction on your business tax
return, if you had the money.
And this IRA doesn't have to be established until
the time your file your tax return -- including
extensions. So if you put your 2004 tax return on
extension again and it's now due on Oct. 15, you
could still set up a SEP-IRA for 2004 and make a
qualifying contribution.
There are no real administrative responsibilities
here, but remember that you'll get hit with a 10%
penalty if you try to withdraw the money before
age 59-and-a-half.
But run the numbers because you may still be
better off with a solo 401(k). Let's say your net
earnings are around $75,000 a year. With a SEP-
IRA, your deductible contribution will max out at
20%, or $15,000. But with the solo 401(k), you can
first defer the $14,000, then contribute the 20%,
or $15,000, on top of that.
So you just put away $29,000 with the solo 401(k)
vs. $15,000 with the SEP-IRA. "If you have the
money, it makes no sense to have an IRA, you might
as well do a solo 401(k)," says Fooden. And for
those of you who are over 50, keep in mind you
don't get a catch-up provision with a SEP-IRA.
With the solo 401(k), you can tack on another
$4,000 to your $14,000 deferral.
If you have 100 or fewer employees, you may
consider a Simple IRA, which is basically the same
as a SEP-IRA except your contribution is capped at
$10,000 ($12,000 for people 50 and over). If
you're on your own now and anticipate adding
employees to the payroll in the near future, this
may be a good option.
In addition, if you don't make a ton of money but
are able to sock most of your profits away, the
Simple IRA could be a good choice. Let's say your
business only makes $20,000 but you can afford to
save $10,000. With the Simple IRA, you can. If
instead you had a SEP-IRA, you'd only be able to
contribute 20% of that $20,000, or $4,000, notes
Fooden.
Big note: Your Simple-IRA plan must be up and
running by Oct. 1 of the current tax year to
qualify.
If you're just getting your company off the
ground, an IRA may be a good place to start. And
know that you can always roll an IRA into a solo
401(k) down the road when your business starts to
boom.
So call Fidelity, Citigroup's (C:NYSE - news -
research - Cramer's Take) Smith Barney unit, T.
Rowe Price (TROW:Nasdaq - news - research -
Cramer's Take), Charles Schwab (SCH:NYSE - news -
research - Cramer's Take), or any other broker,
and start saving. Pick a plan and put money away
monthly. And then think about how great it will be
when you finally pass on the business you started
to your kids, and retire to your dream house in
style.