How It Works
Here's how employing your own child works. Say
you have a 10- year-old who can do some light
office work, which could include anything from
computer maintenance to filing chores. You pay
your child up to $4,850 per year for ``jobs
related to their age or abilities,'' Podnos says.
A child in your employment can also contribute
$4,000 annually to his own Individual Retirement
Account (IRA) -- and use it for college funds.
``The first $4,850 the child earns is tax free to
them (the standard deduction for singles). This
money can be used to fund a trust account,
Coverdell or 529 plan,'' Podnos says.
Wages can be put into any college investment
vehicle, although trust funds like Uniform Gift
to Minor Act accounts may jeopardize financial
assistance if your family is likely to qualify
for aid.
When your child works for you, though, one of the
initial assumptions may be that he won't qualify
for aid, then the trust route isn't a problem.
Funding Vehicles
State-sponsored 529 plans are also a worthy
receptacle for college funds, just be careful
when selecting them. They tend to be expensive;
most are sold through commissioned brokers and
limited in fund choices. There are more than 100
such plans, with each state varying in expenses
and available tax breaks.
If you don't own a business or intend to start
one, you can still gift up to $2,000 annually per
child in a Coverdell Educational Savings Account
(for joint filers with adjusted income under
$220,000) and fund your own Roth IRA -- up to
$4,500 per year if you are over 50 and your
adjusted joint income is under $160,000 annually.
Since your child is likely to be in the lowest
tax brackets when in college, he can benefit from
the four major tax breaks.
The only way these write-offs benefit your child,
though, is if he is what Podnos calls
``emancipated,'' that is, he isn't declared a
dependent on your tax return the years in which
he takes the breaks. Podnos says the benefits of
this plan more than offset the loss of the child
exemption.